System and method for providing key-encrypted storage in a cloud computing environment

ABSTRACT

System and method for providing cloud computing services are described. In one embodiment, the system comprises a cloud computing environment comprising resources for supporting cloud workloads, each cloud workload having associated therewith an internal cloud address; and a routing system disposed between external workloads of an external computing environment and the cloud workloads, the routing system for directing traffic from an external address to the internal cloud addresses of the cloud workloads. A designated one of the cloud workloads obtains one key of a first pair of cryptographic keys, the first pair of cryptographic keys for decrypting encrypted storage hosted within the cloud computing environment.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit under Title 35, United States Code§119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/160,030 filed onMar. 13, 2009, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. This application is related to the followingcommonly-assigned, co-pending applications, each of which is alsoincorporated herein by reference in its entirety:

1. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.157/IDR-1815);

2. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.158/IDR-1816);

3. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.159/IDR-1817);

4. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.160/IDR-1818);

5. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.161/IDR-1853);

6. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.

7. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.163/IDR-1839);

8. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.164/IDR-1840);

9. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.165/IDR-1841);

10. U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.173/IDR-2046); and

11. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/197,833

BACKGROUND

Cloud computing is a type of computing in which dynamically scalable andtypically virtualized resources are provided as services via theInternet. As a result, users need not, and typically do not, possessknowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology and/orinfrastructure implemented in the cloud. Cloud computing generallyincorporates infrastructure as a service (“IaaS”), platform as a service(“PaaS”), and/or software as a service (“SaaS”). In a typicalembodiment, cloud computing services provide common applications online,which applications are accessed using a web browser and the software anddata for which are stored on servers comprising the cloud.

Cloud computing customers typically do not own or possess the physicalinfrastructure that hosts their software platform; rather, theinfrastructure is leased in some manner from a third-party provider.Cloud computing customers can avoid capital expenditures by paying aprovider for only what they use on a utility, or resources consumed,basis or a subscription, or time-based, basis, for example. Sharingcomputing power and/or storage capacity among multiple lessees has manyadvantages, including improved utilization rates and an increase inoverall computer usage.

With the advent of cloud computing and cloud storage, a challenge existswith respect to IP address usage and the sharing of cryptographic keysbetween a known and trusted location and the computing cloud.

SUMMARY

One embodiment is a system for providing cloud computing services. Thesystem comprises a cloud computing environment comprising resources forsupporting cloud workloads, each cloud workload having associatedtherewith an internal cloud address; and a routing system disposedbetween external workloads of an external computing environment and thecloud workloads, the routing system for directing traffic from anexternal address to the internal cloud addresses of the cloud workloads.A designated one of the cloud workloads obtains one key of a first pairof cryptographic keys, the first pair of cryptographic keys fordecrypting encrypted storage hosted within the cloud computingenvironment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary IaaS cloud structure such as may beimplemented in one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a process for implementingreduced cloud IP address utilization.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

To better illustrate the advantages and features of the embodiments, aparticular description of several embodiments will be provided withreference to the attached drawings. These drawings, and otherembodiments described herein, only illustrate selected aspects of theembodiments and are not intended to limit the scope thereof. Further,despite reference to specific features illustrated in the exampleembodiments, it will nevertheless be understood that these features arenot essential to all embodiments and no limitation of the scope thereofis thereby intended. Any alterations and further modifications in thedescribed embodiments, and any further applications of the principles ofthe embodiments as described herein are contemplated as would normallyoccur to one skilled in the art. Furthermore, some items are shown in asimplified form, and inherently include components that are well knownin the art. Further still, some items are illustrated as being in directconnection for the sake of simplicity and clarity. Despite the apparentdirect connection, it is understood that such illustration does notpreclude the existence of intermediate components not otherwiseillustrated.

The embodiments described herein provide a mechanism for providingreduced cloud IP address utilization. To this end, one or moreembodiments described herein provide a method and mechanism to enablethe use of a single IP address to address many instances within a cloudinfrastructure. Additionally, one or more such embodiments provide amethod and mechanism to provide the keys necessary to secure traffic andstorage in the cloud.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary IaaS cloud structure. As shown in FIG.1, the cloud structure includes a hardware layer 100 comprising storageassets 102, processing assets 104, and network assets 106. To facilitateusefulness of the cloud to a variety of enterprises, workloads aresponsored in the cloud as virtual machines possibly accessingvirtualized storage and/or virtualized networks. This is accomplishedvia a virtualization layer 108. Thus, the hardware layer 100 isinsulated from the actual workloads to be sponsored in the cloud at alayer 110 by the virtualization layer 108 hardware, storage, andnetworking so that the operating system selected by the enterprise canbe sponsored on whatever hardware the cloud services provider makesavailable. Having established the hardware and virtualization layers100, 108, the assets 102, 104, and 106 are available in a standardizedway to workloads hosted in the workload layer 110, which is the layerthe customer typically views as the “cloud”. It will be recognized thatsome of the workloads sponsored in the cloud, specifically, workloads111, are workloads that are germane to the operation of the cloud andmay consist of monitoring processes for enabling the cloud servicesprovider to monitor the health of the cloud, management processes toenable the cloud services provider to ensure that service-levelagreements are enforced, and so on.

Enterprises using the cloud are represented by virtualization processesand storage shown as workloads 112. These processes are typicallystarted by an enterprise via a cloud portal or API utilized byadministrative personnel or processes running at the enterprise or inthe cloud. A typical cloud services provider may be using standard ITILpractices and may utilize a configuration management database (“CMDB”)114, which affects the entire cloud infrastructure and which describesthe practice and policies used for instantiating virtualized workloadsand storage.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a system 200 for providingreduced cloud IP address utilization. As shown in FIG. 2, one or moreapplications of an enterprise, represented in FIG. 2 by applications202A-202C, hosted in a known and trusted environment 204 under thecontrol of the enterprise. As will be described, the applications202A-202C require access to storage and/or processes in a cloud 206; asa result, such storage and/or processes may be disposed in an unknownlocation and under an unknown trust model. In accordance with oneembodiment, as will be described in detail hereinbelow, it is possibleto annex portions of the cloud 206 so that the applications 202A-202Ccan utilize resources disposed within the cloud 206 in the same manneras if they were disposed in a trusted and known location, such as a datacenter (not shown) of the enterprise.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, a secure bridge 208 provides asecure connection between applications 202A-202C and a virtual router210, which secure connection can be created based upon keys that werepreviously traded between the provider of the cloud 206 (“the cloudservices provider”) and the enterprise as is known in the art. Thevirtual router 210 lies within the infrastructure and under the controlof the cloud services provider (IaaS) and as such, the public and/orprivate keys that the IaaS holds are secured by the IaaS infrastructure,data center security, physical security, and others.

As a result, because the secure bridge 208 and virtual router 210possess mutually shared keys or mutually shared parts of key pairs, asecured connection can be created between the applications 202A-202C andthe virtual router 210 via the secure bridge 208 as described in detailin U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Atty. Docket No.26530.160/IDR-1818), which has been incorporated by reference in itsentirety. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, each application 202A-202Chas access to the keys mentioned hereinabove in connection with thesecure bridge 208 such that endpoint security from the applications202A-202C to an external address 212, shown in FIG. 2 as “174.65.x.x”,via the router 210 can exist without the need of the secure bridge 208.

As previously noted, the virtual router 210 lies within theinfrastructure of the cloud services provider and acts as a NetworkAddress Translator (“NAT”) to workloads within a specific domain. In arepresentative embodiment, the IP address is a private addresses, suchas a 10-net, so that only the single external address 212 is necessaryto access the cloud processes, as will be described. In such a case, asshown in FIG. 2, a distributor 214 forwards traffic from the externaladdress 212 to internal addresses 216 (e.g., “10.1.1.x”) so that onlyone external address needs to be associated with the processes withinthe cloud 206. In one embodiment, the foregoing may be accomplished bymatching port ranges to specific workloads, represented by workloads218A-218D, so that if auto load balancing of each of the workloads isrequired, the port ranges can enable a distinction to be made betweenthe workloads operating within the cloud 206 via a given 10-net.

In one embodiment, the distributor 214 maintains all port mappings in adistributor registry 226 so that requests from applications 202A-202Ccan be sent to the appropriate one of the workloads 218A-218D.Information may be split between the distributor registry 226 and thesecure bridge 208 and further information, such as tokens from aRepresentational State Transfer (“REST”) call can be maintained with theport mapping such that better information can be provided during themapping process.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the internal addresses 216 may bepartitioned such that the “x” therein represents some kind of subnet IPaddress grouping (e.g., 10.1.1.10-20). Accordingly, instead of using aport, IP addresses may be used within the address space. In thisembodiment, the distributor 214 may map a single external address towithin the 10-net address space so that it is multiplexed into varioustypes of workloads and or storage. In the illustrated embodiment,storage is also protected this way by allowing one of the workloads,such as the workload 218D, to hold keys and to process traffic forstorage in the cloud 206. As a result, the storage can be encrypted anddecrypted on-the-fly as needed by either an internal-to-the-cloud orexternal-to-the-cloud process.

Once the secure connection between the applications 202A-202C and thedistributor 214 is established based on attestation by the virtualrouter 210 to the fact that the distributor has not changed andtherefore may be trusted in its process model, cryptographic keys may betransmitted from the applications across to the distributor so that aprocess can receive keys, as represented in FIG. 2 by a dashed line 222.This process ensures that storage or other content and traffic can beprotected via keys received external to the cloud 206. This issignificant because it allows for the keys to be stored in a locationother than the cloud 206, thereby providing a layer of protectiongenerally not afforded in a public location such as a cloud computingenvironment.

It will be recognized that, as illustrated in FIG. 2, an additionaldistributor 224 may be provided. In such cases, the distributor registry226 enables distribution address spaces to be properly managed. Each ofthe workloads 218A-218D communicates to with the distributor 214 via anaddress, such as, for example, a 10-net address 228, that iscommunicated to the workloads when they are started up so that any newprocesses that are initiated due to load balancing issues, loadexpansion issues, load contraction issues and the like can communicatetheir local address 216 to the distributor 214. It should be noted thatwhat is communicated to the workloads may be the address of thedistributor 214 or a token, such as a DNS name, that may be used by theworkload to lookup the address of the distributor 214. In any event, itwill be noted that the communicated address is one that is nothard-wired in the system; it is either provided as described ordiscovered via token dereferencing in a manner well known in the art. Asa result, through implementation of some predetermined policy, thecommunicated local address and its associated port range 230 can belogged in to the distributor registry 226 so that the addresses can becorrectly maintained according to address, port, and workload type.

The distributor 214 also provides configuration information to theworkloads 218A-218D so that configuration information can be normalizedand provided to new workloads that are being brought up as a result ofload expansion or contraction. Additionally, the configuration describedhereinabove is provided external to the cloud 206 via the same mechanismas was discussed with key distribution. This mechanism provides for asimpler method of keeping the workloads 218A-218D up to date and thestartup or boot configuration normalized.

One embodiment is implemented using one or more embodiments described inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/197,833 (hereinafter the ″'833application), incorporated by reference hereinabove to find, analyze,and qualify clouds, such as the cloud 206, so that the requiredinfrastructure for allowing the deployment of everything within thecloud 206 will function correctly. The embodiment described in the '833application also keeps track of reputation of all clouds so that thebest price, performance, stability, etc., can be selected for adeployment within the cloud.

In an alternative embodiment, the distributor 214 can reside external tothe cloud 206 or in a different cloud. In this case, the virtual router210 must attest to the validity of the workloads 218A-218D so that it isattested that no changes have been made. In the illustrated embodiment,each of the workloads 218A-218D has a secure connection through thevirtual router 210 to the applications 202A-202C so that the annexationis still valid. It will be recognized, however, that this embodimentrequires more traffic over the network.

In one embodiment, additional virtual routers, such as a virtual router232, may be added. In this embodiment, an L4 switch or some otherload-balancing mechanism (not shown) may be provided in a known mannerto distribute traffic between the external addresses connected to thevirtual routers 210, 232. In another embodiment, the information fromthe distributor registry 226 is available to the workloads 218A-218Dsuch that the information provided by the distributor registry providesthe workloads with information necessary to perform clustering, remedialclustering, and/or other types of cooperative computing and storagemanagement.

In one embodiment, the secure bridge 208 may be replaced by a secureconnection implemented using a pair of cryptographic keys held by boththe trusted environment/enterprise 204 and the cloud 206.

It will be recognized that various ones of the elements and/or modulesdescribed herein may be implemented using one or more general purposecomputers or portions thereof executing software applications designedto perform the functions described or using one or more special purposecomputers or portions thereof configured to perform the functionsdescribed. The software applications may comprise computer-executableinstructions stored on computer-readable media. Additionally,repositories described herein may be implemented using databases orother appropriate storage media.

While the preceding description shows and describes one or moreembodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious changes in form and detail may be made therein without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. For example,various steps of the described methods may be executed in a differentorder or executed sequentially, combined, further divided, replaced withalternate steps, or removed entirely. In addition, various functionsillustrated in the methods or described elsewhere in the disclosure maybe combined to provide additional and/or alternate functions. Therefore,the claims should be interpreted in a broad manner, consistent with thepresent disclosure.

1. A system for providing cloud computing services, the systemcomprising: a cloud computing environment comprising resources forsupporting cloud workloads, each cloud workload having associatedtherewith an internal cloud address; and a routing system disposedbetween external workloads of an external computing environment and thecloud workloads, the routing system for directing traffic from anexternal address to the internal cloud addresses of the cloud workloads;wherein a designated one of the cloud workloads obtains one key of afirst pair of cryptographic keys, the first pair of cryptographic keysfor decrypting encrypted storage hosted within the cloud computingenvironment.
 2. The system of claim 1 further comprising a securecommunications channel disposed between the cloud computing environmentand the external computing environment.
 3. The system of claim 2 whereinthe secure communications channel comprises a secure bridge.
 4. Thesystem of claim 2 wherein the secure communications channel isimplemented using cryptographic keys.
 5. The system of claim 4 whereinthe cryptographic keys for implementing the secure communicationschannel are held by both the external computing environment and thecloud computing environment.
 6. The system of claim 1 wherein the onekey of the first pair of cryptographic keys is obtained by thedesignated cloud workload from an external and trusted source.
 7. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein the designated cloud workload processestraffic for storage in the cloud computing environment to enable storageto be encrypted and decrypted as needed by one of the cloud workloads orthe external workloads.
 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the one key ofthe first pair of cryptographic keys is obtained by the designated cloudworkload via a secure connection established using a second pair ofcryptographic keys.
 9. A system for providing cloud computing services,the system comprising: cloud computing means comprising resources forsupporting cloud workloads, each cloud workload having associatedtherewith an internal cloud address; and routing system means disposedbetween external workloads of an external computing means and the cloudworkloads, the routing system means for directing traffic from anexternal address to the internal cloud addresses of the cloud workloads;wherein a designated one of the cloud workloads obtains one key of afirst pair of cryptographic keys, the first pair of cryptographic keysfor decrypting encrypted storage hosted within the cloud computingmeans.
 10. The system of claim 9 further comprising means for enablingsecure communications between the cloud computing means and the externalcomputing means.
 11. The system of claim 10 wherein the securecommunications means comprises a secure bridge.
 12. The system of claim10 wherein the secure communications means is implemented usingcryptographic keys.
 13. The system of claim 12 wherein the cryptographickeys for implementing the secure communications means are held by boththe external computing means and the cloud computing means.
 14. Thesystem of claim 9 wherein the one key of the first pair of cryptographickeys is obtained by the designated cloud workload from an external andtrusted source.
 15. The system of claim 9 wherein the one key of thefirst pair of cryptographic keys is obtained by the designated cloudworkload via a secure connection established using a second pair ofcryptographic keys.
 16. A method for providing cloud computing services,the method comprising: providing a cloud computing environmentcomprising resources for supporting cloud workloads, each cloud workloadhaving associated therewith an internal cloud address; and routingtraffic between external workloads of an external computing environmentand cloud workloads, the routing comprising forwarding traffic from asingle external address to the internal cloud addresses of the cloudworkloads; wherein a designated one of the cloud workloads obtains onekey of a first pair of cryptographic keys, the first pair ofcryptographic keys for decrypting encrypted storage hosted within thecloud computing environment.
 17. The method of claim 16 furthercomprising establishing a secure communications channel between thecloud computing environment and the external computing environment. 18.The method of claim 17 wherein the secure communications channelcomprises a secure bridge.
 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the securecommunications channel is implemented using cryptographic keys.
 20. Themethod of claim 16 wherein the one key of the first pair ofcryptographic keys is obtained by the designated cloud workload from anexternal and trusted source.